From 11 November to 28 December, 2020 a total of 67 suspected cholera cases presenting with diarrhea and vomiting, including two deaths a case fatality ratio (CFR: 3%) were reported from the municipalities “Golfe 1” and “Golfe 6” in Lomé, Togo. A total of four health areas (Katanga, Adakpamé, Gbétsogbé in Golfe 1, and Kangnikopé in Golfe 6) in the affected municipalities reported at least one case.
On 17 November, cholera was confirmed by culture in the laboratory of the National Institute of Hygiene (INH) in Lomé, Togo and WHO was informed. On 19 November, the Minister of Health, Public Hygiene and Universal Access to Care of Togo issued a press release declaring a cholera outbreak and on 24 November WHO was officially notified. From 11 November to 28 December 2020, a total of 17 out of 41 stool samples tested positive for Vibrio cholerae O1 serotype Ogawa by culture in the National Institute of Hygiene (INH) in Lomé, Togo.
On 15 December 2020, the Brazil Ministry of Health reported the second confirmed human infection with influenza A(H1N2) variant virus [A(H1N2)v] in Brazil in 2020.
31.12.2020 03:00SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, has had a major impact on human health globally; infecting a large number of people; causing severe disease and associated long-term health sequelae; resulting in death and excess mortality, especially among older and vulnerable populations; interrupting routine healthcare services; disruptions to travel, trade, education and many other societal functions; and more broadly having a negative impact on peoples physical and mental health. Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, WHO has received several reports of unusual public health events possibly due to variants of SARS-CoV-2. WHO routinely assesses if variants of SARS-CoV-2 result in changes in transmissibility, clinical presentation and severity, or if they impact on countermeasures, including diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccines. Previous reports of the D614G mutation and the recent reports of virus variants from the Kingdom of Denmark, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the Republic of South Africa have raised interest and concern in the impact of viral changes.
A variant of SARS-CoV-2 with a D614G substitution in the gene encoding the spike protein emerged in late January or early February 2020. Over a period of several months, the D614G mutation replaced the initial SARS-CoV-2 strain identified in China and by June 2020 became the dominant form of the virus circulating globally. Studies in human respiratory cells and in animal models demonstrated that compared to the initial virus strain, the strain with the D614G substitution has increased infectivity and transmission. The SARS-CoV-2 virus with the D614G substitution does not cause more severe illness or alter the effectiveness of existing laboratory diagnostics, therapeutics, vaccines, or public health preventive measures.
From October to December 2020, a total of seven confirmed cases of yellow fever (YF) have been reported from four health districts in three regions in Senegal.
23.12.2020 03:00Between 6 November and 15 December 2020, 52 suspected cases of yellow fever (YF), including 14
21.12.2020 03:00On 14 December 2020, authorities of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland reported to WHO that a new SARS-CoV-2 variant was identified through viral genomic sequencing. This variant is referred to as SARS-CoV-2 VUI 202012/01 (Variant Under Investigation, year 2020, month 12, variant 01).
03.12.2020 03:00Since June 2020, Danish authorities have reported an extensive spread of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, on mink farms in Denmark.
27.11.2020 04:37Between 8 September and 24 November, 2020, the North-Central region of Burkina Faso reported a
24.11.2020 03:00Reports of a cluster of deaths from an undiagnosed disease were notified on 1 November 2020 through Event Based Surveillance in two states, Delta and Enugu, located in southern Nigeria.
18.11.2020 03:00On 18 November 2020, the Minister of Health of the Democratic Republic of the Congo declared the end of the Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak in Equateur Province.
17.11.2020 03:00The Ministry of Health in Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR) reported a human case of infection with an avian influenza A(H5N1) virus. The case is a one-year-old female who developed symptoms of fever, productive cough, difficulty breathing and runny nose on 13 October 2020. She was hospitalized for her illness on 16 October and discharged on 19 October. As part of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) sentinel surveillance, a specimen was collected on the date of hospitalization and confirmed to be positive for avian influenza A(H5N1) on 28 October by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) at the National Centre for Laboratory and Epidemiology (NCLE).
Among the close contacts of the patient, one contact developed fever and cough after the onset of illness in the case. Specimens collected from all household contacts, including the symptomatic contact, were negative for influenza A viruses.
The Ministry of Health (MoH) notified WHO that between 13 September and 1 October 2020, eight cases of Rift Valley Fever (RVF) including seven deaths were confirmed in animal breeders. Districts affected include Tidjikja and Moudjéria (Tagant region), Guerou (Assaba region) and Chinguetty (Adrar region). Laboratory confirmation of RVF infection was performed using a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) at the National Institute for Public Health Research (INRSP) in Nouakchott. The age of infected patients varied between 16 and 70 years old and included one woman and seven men. All seven deaths occurred among hospitalised patients with fever and haemorrhagic syndrome (petechia, gingivorrhagia) and vomiting.
Between 4 September and 7 November 2020, a total of 214 people were sampled and their samples have been sent to the INRSP for laboratory testing with a total of 75 testing positive for RVF (RT-PCR and serology by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Positive cases have been reported in 11 of 15 regions of the country: Brakna, Trarza, Gorgol, (on the border with Senegal), Adrar, Assaba, Hodh El Gharby, Hodh El Chargui, Guidimaka (on the border with Mali) and Nouakchott Sud, Nouakchott Ouest and Tagant. The Tagant region is the most affected (38/75, 51%) with principal hotspot districts being Tidjikja and Moudjeria. Thus far a total of 25 deaths have been reported from this outbreak.
Since June 2020, 214 human cases of COVID-19 have been identified in Denmark with SARS-CoV-2 variants associated with farmed minks, including 12 cases with a unique variant, reported on 5 November.
24.10.2020 20:00On 13 October 2020, the French health authorities officially reported 13 laboratory-confirmed cases of Mayaro fever in French Guiana, France.
In September 2020, the Institut Pasteur de la Guyane (IPG) (member of the French National Reference Laboratory for arboviruses) identified two cases of Mayaro virus infection (MAYV) confirmed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and one probable case found positive for Mayaro antibodies. The case-patients presented dengue-like symptoms and joint pains, and tested negative for dengue by RT-PCR.
On 30 September 2020, the French Guiana Regional Health Agency (ARS) reported the first detection of Oropouche virus (OROV) in French Guiana. On 22 September 2020 the Pasteur Institute in Cayenne (a member of the French National Reference Laboratory for arboviruses) notified the France IHR National Focal Point of seven laboratory-confirmed cases of Oropouche virus infection in the village of Saül. These cases were identified following clinical investigations of an unusually high number of dengue-like illnesses in the village. Between 11 August and 25 September, there were 37 clinically-compatible cases of Oropouche virus disease identified in Saül. The results of serology for dengue, chikungunya, and Zika were negative, and seven of nine cases tested positive for OROV by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
Among the 37 clinically-compatible cases, most cases are male (60%) and the median age is 36 years (range 3-82 years). The most represented age range is 15 to 54-years-old (19 cases) followed by 0 to 14-years-old (10 cases). A peak of cases was observed in mid-September however, the outbreak investigation remains ongoing.
From 1 January through 13 September 2020, a total of 4,594 suspected cases of monkeypox, including 171 deaths (case fatality ratio 3.7%), have been reported in 127 health zones from 17 out of 26 provinces in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The first epidemic peak was observed at the beginning of March 2020 (epi week 10), with 136 cases reported weekly (Figure1). From 1 January through 7 August, the Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB) received 80 samples from suspected cases of monkeypox, of which 39 samples were confirmed positive by polymerase chain reaction. Four out of the 80 specimens were skin lesions (crusts/vesicles), the remaining samples were blood. There is no further information at this time regarding the outcome of these 80 patients whose samples were tested. Confirmatory testing remains ongoing.
During the same period in 2019, 3,794 suspected cases and 73 deaths (CFR 1.9%) were reported in 120 health zones from 16 provinces while a total of 2,850 suspected cases (CFR 2.1%) were reported in 2018.
On 28 August 2020, the National IHR Focal Point of Chad notified WHO of an outbreak of chikungunya in Abéché, eastern Chad.
03.09.2020 03:00Three months after the declaration of the eleventh Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in Equateur Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo, the number of confirmed cases continues to increase, and the geographic spread of the outbreak continues to expand.
As of 1 September 2020, 110 cases (104 confirmed and six probable) including 47 deaths (case fatality ratio 43%) have been reported from 36 health areas in 11 health zones. In the past 21 days (12 August – 1 September 2020), 24 confirmed cases have been reported in 15 health areas across eight health zones. To date, three healthcare workers have been affected, making up 3% of all cases. In addition, 48 people have recovered from EVD to date.
On 9 August 2020, the Federal Ministry of Health, Sudan notified WHO of the detection of a
01.08.2020 03:00On 23 July 2020, the France IHR National Focal Point reported a confirmed autochthonous (locally acquired) case of yellow fever in a 14-year-old male in French Guiana. On 17 July 2020, the case was laboratory confirmed at the French National Reference Centre for arboviruses, Institute Pasteur Cayenne.
The case-patient had severe disability, and developed dengue-like symptoms on 12 July. On 16 July, he was hospitalized in an intensive care unit in Cayenne, French Guiana, with consciousness disorders and acute liver failure, and died on 19 July.
Country | Confirmed | Recover | Deaths |
---|---|---|---|
US | 24 632 468 | 0 | 410 378 |
India | 10 625 428 | 10 283 708 | 153 032 |
Brazil | 8 697 368 | 7 673 092 | 214 147 |
Russia | 3 637 862 | 3 048 837 | 67 376 |
United Kingdom | 3 553 802 | 8 600 | 94 765 |
France | 3 046 371 | 220 650 | 72 139 |
Spain | 2 456 675 | 150 376 | 55 041 |
Italy | 2 428 221 | 1 827 451 | 84 202 |
Turkey | 2 412 505 | 2 290 032 | 24 640 |
Germany | 2 110 873 | 1 797 648 | 50 878 |
Colombia | 1 972 345 | 1 801 134 | 50 187 |
Argentina | 1 843 077 | 1 625 755 | 46 355 |
Mexico | 1 711 283 | 0 | 146 174 |
Poland | 1 464 448 | 1 215 732 | 34 908 |
South Africa | 1 380 807 | 1 183 443 | 39 501 |
Iran | 1 354 520 | 1 144 549 | 57 150 |
Ukraine | 1 222 459 | 961 668 | 22 698 |
Peru | 1 073 214 | 0 | 39 044 |
Indonesia | 965 283 | 781 147 | 27 453 |
Netherlands | 945 948 | 12 155 | 13 439 |
Czechia | 924 847 | 795 878 | 15 130 |
Canada | 736 441 | 652 246 | 18 509 |
Romania | 703 776 | 641 288 | 17 554 |
Belgium | 686 827 | 0 | 20 620 |
Chile | 685 107 | 642 004 | 17 702 |
Iraq | 611 407 | 576 725 | 12 977 |
Portugal | 595 149 | 434 237 | 9 686 |
Israel | 586 788 | 500 292 | 4 263 |
Sweden | 542 952 | 0 | 10 921 |
Bangladesh | 530 271 | 475 074 | 7 966 |
Pakistan | 528 891 | 482 771 | 11 204 |
Philippines | 509 887 | 467 720 | 10 136 |
Switzerland | 507 123 | 317 600 | 8 971 |
Morocco | 463 706 | 439 301 | 8 076 |
Austria | 399 798 | 376 360 | 7 288 |
Serbia | 379 093 | 0 | 3 830 |
Saudi Arabia | 365 775 | 357 337 | 6 342 |
Hungary | 356 973 | 237 362 | 11 811 |
Japan | 354 057 | 273 031 | 4 883 |
Jordan | 318 181 | 304 200 | 4 198 |
Panama | 305 752 | 250 215 | 4 944 |
Lebanon | 269 241 | 158 822 | 2 151 |
Nepal | 268 646 | 262 868 | 1 979 |
United Arab Emirates | 267 258 | 243 267 | 766 |
Georgia | 251 974 | 238 737 | 3 022 |
Ecuador | 236 189 | 199 332 | 14 526 |
Belarus | 234 111 | 218 831 | 1 628 |
Slovakia | 233 027 | 183 942 | 3 894 |
Azerbaijan | 228 246 | 218 387 | 3 053 |
Croatia | 227 326 | 219 878 | 4 738 |
Kazakhstan | 221 053 | 192 578 | 2 952 |
Bulgaria | 213 864 | 177 354 | 8 741 |
Dominican Republic | 199 672 | 146 020 | 2 482 |
Bolivia | 196 393 | 147 744 | 9 818 |
Denmark | 192 947 | 176 676 | 1 910 |
Tunisia | 190 884 | 137 460 | 5 989 |
Costa Rica | 188 477 | 145 724 | 2 506 |
Ireland | 181 922 | 23 364 | 2 818 |
Lithuania | 174 846 | 114 925 | 2 591 |
Malaysia | 172 549 | 130 152 | 642 |
Armenia | 165 711 | 154 259 | 3 030 |
Kuwait | 159 834 | 152 826 | 951 |
Egypt | 159 715 | 125 171 | 8 801 |
Moldova | 154 788 | 145 168 | 3 315 |
Slovenia | 154 306 | 133 428 | 3 284 |
West Bank and Gaza | 154 063 | 142 819 | 1 757 |
Guatemala | 152 395 | 136 980 | 5 389 |
Greece | 150 479 | 93 764 | 5 570 |
Qatar | 148 258 | 144 478 | 248 |
Honduras | 138 044 | 60 392 | 3 422 |
Burma | 136 166 | 119 973 | 3 013 |
Oman | 132 486 | 124 730 | 1 517 |
Ethiopia | 132 326 | 118 006 | 2 057 |
Paraguay | 125 518 | 100 848 | 2 570 |
Venezuela | 122 260 | 114 299 | 1 129 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 119 206 | 89 882 | 4 536 |
Nigeria | 116 655 | 93 646 | 1 485 |
Libya | 111 746 | 89 909 | 1 716 |
Algeria | 104 852 | 71 343 | 2 853 |
Kenya | 99 630 | 82 729 | 1 739 |
Bahrain | 98 878 | 95 594 | 366 |
China | 98 544 | 91 382 | 4 801 |
North Macedonia | 89 817 | 75 387 | 2 754 |
Kyrgyzstan | 83 703 | 79 664 | 1 396 |
Uzbekistan | 78 272 | 76 752 | 620 |
Korea, South | 74 262 | 61 415 | 1 328 |
Albania | 69 916 | 42 426 | 1 296 |
Norway | 60 259 | 17 998 | 544 |
Ghana | 59 480 | 56 706 | 361 |
Singapore | 59 250 | 58 959 | 29 |
Latvia | 58 710 | 42 953 | 1 057 |
Kosovo | 57 028 | 50 186 | 1 433 |
Montenegro | 56 998 | 47 974 | 762 |
Sri Lanka | 56 076 | 47 984 | 276 |
Afghanistan | 54 403 | 46 912 | 2 363 |
El Salvador | 52 388 | 46 013 | 1 540 |
Luxembourg | 49 319 | 46 499 | 562 |
Zambia | 42 213 | 31 522 | 597 |
Finland | 41 565 | 31 000 | 632 |
Estonia | 39 701 | 29 167 | 358 |
Uganda | 38 806 | 13 699 | 316 |
Uruguay | 34 992 | 26 927 | 347 |
Namibia | 31 515 | 29 230 | 310 |
Mozambique | 30 225 | 19 510 | 283 |
Zimbabwe | 30 047 | 19 569 | 917 |
Cyprus | 29 636 | 2 057 | 178 |
Australia | 28 755 | 25 961 | 909 |
Cameroon | 28 010 | 26 861 | 455 |
Sudan | 26 279 | 15 688 | 1 603 |
Cote dIvoire | 25 751 | 24 119 | 142 |
Senegal | 23 909 | 19 916 | 552 |
Congo (Kinshasa) | 21 398 | 14 865 | 644 |
Botswana | 19 654 | 15 911 | 105 |
Cuba | 19 530 | 14 754 | 184 |
Angola | 19 177 | 17 176 | 448 |
Madagascar | 18 301 | 17 609 | 273 |
Malta | 16 280 | 13 234 | 245 |
Mauritania | 16 266 | 14 970 | 410 |
Malawi | 16 049 | 6 314 | 396 |
Maldives | 14 765 | 13 683 | 50 |
Jamaica | 14 550 | 11 809 | 331 |
Guinea | 14 262 | 13 566 | 81 |
Eswatini | 14 017 | 8 822 | 441 |
Syria | 13 398 | 6 842 | 866 |
Tajikistan | 13 308 | 13 218 | 90 |
Cabo Verde | 13 307 | 12 517 | 122 |
Thailand | 13 104 | 10 224 | 71 |
Rwanda | 12 170 | 7 973 | 162 |
Belize | 11 676 | 10 962 | 289 |
Haiti | 11 035 | 8 979 | 243 |
Gabon | 10 120 | 9 809 | 66 |
Burkina Faso | 9 719 | 7 748 | 106 |
Andorra | 9 379 | 8 474 | 93 |
Bahamas | 8 088 | 6 720 | 175 |
Mali | 7 911 | 5 666 | 320 |
Suriname | 7 880 | 7 027 | 146 |
Congo (Brazzaville) | 7 794 | 5 846 | 117 |
Lesotho | 7 555 | 1 993 | 113 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 7 450 | 6 974 | 133 |
Guyana | 7 067 | 6 277 | 170 |
Nicaragua | 6 204 | 4 225 | 168 |
Iceland | 5 981 | 5 846 | 29 |
Djibouti | 5 916 | 5 833 | 61 |
Equatorial Guinea | 5 365 | 5 191 | 86 |
Central African Republic | 4 974 | 4 885 | 63 |
Somalia | 4 744 | 3 666 | 130 |
Togo | 4 505 | 3 901 | 74 |
Niger | 4 267 | 3 357 | 147 |
Gambia | 3 950 | 3 697 | 128 |
South Sudan | 3 788 | 3 542 | 64 |
Benin | 3 582 | 3 284 | 48 |
Sierra Leone | 3 081 | 2 143 | 77 |
Chad | 3 065 | 2 193 | 114 |
San Marino | 2 833 | 2 556 | 65 |
Guinea-Bissau | 2 510 | 2 405 | 45 |
Liechtenstein | 2 415 | 2 322 | 51 |
New Zealand | 2 276 | 2 178 | 25 |
Yemen | 2 115 | 1 423 | 614 |
Comoros | 2 082 | 1 262 | 62 |
Eritrea | 1 913 | 1 304 | 6 |
Liberia | 1 901 | 1 714 | 84 |
Mongolia | 1 592 | 1 097 | 2 |
Vietnam | 1 546 | 1 411 | 35 |
Burundi | 1 358 | 773 | 2 |
Monaco | 1 287 | 1 058 | 9 |
Sao Tome and Principe | 1 171 | 995 | 17 |
Barbados | 1 156 | 493 | 9 |
Taiwan* | 870 | 769 | 7 |
Bhutan | 850 | 631 | 1 |
Papua New Guinea | 835 | 790 | 9 |
Seychelles | 762 | 601 | 2 |
Saint Lucia | 718 | 354 | 9 |
Diamond Princess | 712 | 699 | 13 |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 690 | 126 | 2 |
Mauritius | 556 | 518 | 10 |
Tanzania | 509 | 183 | 21 |
Cambodia | 456 | 399 | 0 |
Antigua and Barbuda | 192 | 162 | 6 |
Brunei | 175 | 169 | 3 |
Grenada | 139 | 129 | 1 |
Dominica | 113 | 104 | 0 |
Fiji | 55 | 53 | 2 |
Timor-Leste | 53 | 49 | 0 |
Laos | 41 | 41 | 0 |
Saint Kitts and Nevis | 35 | 33 | 0 |
Holy See | 27 | 15 | 0 |
Solomon Islands | 17 | 10 | 0 |
MS Zaandam | 9 | 7 | 2 |
Marshall Islands | 4 | 4 | 0 |
Samoa | 2 | 2 | 0 |
Micronesia | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Vanuatu | 1 | 1 | 0 |